Information and Revolutions in Military Affairs by Emily O. Goldman

Author:Emily O. Goldman [Goldman, Emily O.]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781138873650
Barnesnoble:
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Published: 2015-06-09T00:00:00+00:00

NOTES

1.

I am indebted to the following for their comments and advice on earlier drafts of this paper: Emily Goldman, Keith Neilson, Jeremy Read, Dennis Showalter, Joe Strazek, Jon Sumida, Jonathan Winkler and especially Norman Friedman.

2.

John Arbuthnot Fisher: Admiral, 1901; Admiral of the Fleet, 1905. First Sea Lord, Oct. 1904–Jan. 1910, and Oct. 1914–May 1915. The leading biographies of Fisher are: Admiral Reginald H. Bacon, The Life of Lord Fisher of Kilverstone (London: Hodder & Stoughton 1929) by the former assistant to Admiral Fisher – this is the most tantalizing; Ruddock F Mackay, Fisher of Kilverstone (Oxford: Clarendon Press 1973) provides the best overall survey of his career; Jan Morris, Fisher's Face (London: Viking-Penguin Press 1996) provides the best insight into the admiral's character.

3.

The ‘master plot’ of British naval policy during the Fisher era was codified by Arthur J. Marder who conducted much of his research during the 1940s before many official and private papers were made available to scholars. Marder's titles include: The Anatomy of British Sea Power: A History of British Naval Policy in the Pre-Dreadnought Era, 1880– 1905 (London: Alfred Knopf 1940), reprinted (Hamden, CT: Archon 1964) hereafter cited as Anatomy; Fear God and Dread Nought: The Correspondence of Admiral of the Fleet Lord Fisher of Kilverstone, 3 vols. (London: Jonathan Cape 1952–59) cited as FDSF; From The Dreadnought to Scapa Flow: The Royal Navy in the Fisher Era, 5 vols. (London: OUP 1961–70) hereafter cited as FDSF.

4.

Marder, FGDN, i, pp.6–45. The title of Chap. 3 is ‘The Fisher Revolution’; idem, FDSF, ii, pp.22–6.

5.

Marder, Anatomy (note 3), pp.491, 538; FDSF, I, vii, pp.40–43, 182–5, 432; see also Peter Kemp (ed.) in The Fisher Papers (London: Naval Records Society 1964) vol. ii, pp.xi–xii.

6.

HMS Dreadnought: laid down Feb 1906, 17,900 tons, 10 × 12-inch, 24 × 12 pdr, 21 knots; as compared with HMS King Edward: laid down July 1903, 16,350 tons, 4 × 12-inch, 4 × 9.2-inch, 10 × 6-inch, 12 × 12 pdr, 18 knots.

7.

Jon Sumida, In Defence of Naval Supremacy: Finance, Technology and British Naval Policy, 1889–1914 (Boston, MA: Unwin Hyman 1989; paperback edn. 1993) hereafter cited as In Defence; see also additional evidence cited by Nicholas Lambert ‘Admiral Sir John Fisher and the Concept of Flotilla Defense’, Journal of Military History 59/4 (Oct. 1995) p.644.

8.

Charles Fairbanks, ‘The Origins of the Dreadnought Revolution: a Historiographical Essay’, International History Review 13/2 (1991) pp.246–72.

9.

Nicholas A. Lambert, Sir John Fisher's Revolution (Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina 1999) hereafter cited as Fisher's Revolution; Lambert, ‘British Naval Policy 1913/14: Financial Limitation and Strategic Revolution’, The Journal of Modern History, 67/3 (Sept. 1995); Lambert, ‘Admiral Sir John Fisher’ (note 7); Lambert, ‘Economy or Empire: The Fleet Unit Concept and Quest for Collective Security in the Pacific, 1909–1914’, in Keith Neilson and Greg Kennedy (eds.), Far Flung Lines: Studies in Imperial Defence (London: Frank Cass 1995); Lambert, ‘The Opportunities of Technology: British and French Strategy For the Pacific, 1905–09’ in Nicholas Rodger (ed.), The Parameters of Naval Power (London: Macmillan 1996); see also

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